centos7下安装mysql8

本文介绍在centos7.4下源码编译安装msyql8的步骤……

参考：https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2018-04/152010.htm

源码编译安装

安装前清理

清理旧的mysql

rpm -pa | grep mysql

yum remove mysql-xxx-xxx-

删除旧的mysql配置文件，卸载不会自动删除。
```
find / -name mysql
```

显示：

/etc/logrotate.d/mysql
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
/etc/selinux/targeted/tmp/modules/100/mysql
/var/lib/mysql
/var/lib/mysql/mysql
/usr/bin/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
/usr/local/mysql

根据需求使用以下命令依次对配置文件进行删除

rm -rf /var/lib/mysql

卸载当前系统中已安装的mariadb。centos7中默认安装，会和mysql冲突。

rpm -qa | grep mariadb  （查找）

rpm -e mysql*/mariadb*

rpm -e --nodeps mysql*/mariadb*  （强制删除）

----------------------
[root@ymu ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@ymu ~]# rpm -e mysql*/mariadb*
error: package mysql*/mariadb* is not installed
[root@ymu ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql*/mariadb*  
error: package mysql*/mariadb* is not installed
[root@ymu ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

准备工作

1.安装依赖

yum -y install wget  cmake gcc gcc-c++ ncurses  ncurses-devel  libaio-devel  openssl openssl-devel

2.下载源码包

下载网址： https://dev.mysql.com

wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-boost-8.0.11.tar.gz      (此版本带有boost)

3.创建mysql用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

mkdir -p /server/mysql
mkdir -p /server/data/mysql

安装mysql

1.解压源码包

[root@ymu tools]# tar -zxvf mysql-boost-8.0.11.tar.gz

2.编译&安装

[root@ymu tools]# cd mysql-8.0.11/
[root@ymu mysql-8.0.11]# cmake .  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/server/mysql \
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/server/data/mysql/ \
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
> -DWITH_BOOST=/server/tools/mysql-8.0.11/boost/

[root@ymu mysql-8.0.11]# make && make install

3.配置my.cnf文件

可能找不到该文件，如果没有，新建一个。

cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=1
port=3306
basedir=/server/mysql8
datadir=/server/data/mysql8
　　　 ##请根据实际情况添加参数

更改：

[client]
port = 3307
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]
port=3307
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql.server]
server-id=1
basedir=/server/mysql
datadir=/server/data/mysql
pid-file=/server/data/mysql/mysql.pid

character-set-server = utf8mb4

slow_query_log=1
long_query_time=5
slow_query_log_file=/server/data/mysql/mysql-slow.log

default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_open_files = 500
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

参考：

[client]
port = 3307
socket = ~/tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]
port = 3307
socket = /home/mutian/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql.server]
basedir = /home/mutian/dev/tools/mysql
datadir = /home/mutian/dev/data/mysql
pid-file = /home/mutian/dev/data/mysql/mysql.pid
user = mysql
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id = 1

init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'
character-set-server = utf8mb4

#skip-name-resolve
#skip-networking
back_log = 300

max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 4M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 4M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 2M

ft_min_word_len = 4

log_bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
expire_logs_days = 30

slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /home/mutian/dev/data/mysql/mysql-slow.log

performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

#lower_case_table_names = 1

skip-external-locking

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
#default-storage-engine = MyISAM
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_open_files = 500
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1

interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

4.目录权限修改

chown -R mysql:mysql /server/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /server/data/mysql
chmod 755 /server/mysql -R
chmod 755 /server/data/mysql -R

5.初始化

bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

6.启动mysql

bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

7.修改账号密码

如果出现错误：

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

说明服务没启动成功。

错误：

[root@ymu mysql]# bin/mysql  -uroot -p
Enter password: 
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

空密码无法登录。

处理（修改密码）：

bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables &

mysql -uroot -p     //密码，直接按回车登录
use mysql;
select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user; 
update user set authentication_string='' where user='root';
flush privileges;
//更更改密码
ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'ymu123@';
quit;

------------------------------
如果执行
ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'ymu123@';
报错误。

按下面处理，执行：flush privileges;然后在执行更改密码语句就ok了：
mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'ymu123@';
ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement
mysql> 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'ymu123@';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql>   

如果报错如下信息：
Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: InstallMedia. Please verify its path and try again
 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
 You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

我们只要到/etc/yum.repo.s下面把packetxxxx.repo和redhat.repo两个文件删除掉，再启动就可以了， 

------------------------------------------
查看密码是否已经重置：
mysql> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| host      | user             | authentication_string                                                  | plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE                              | mysql_native_password |
| localhost | mysql.session    | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE                              | mysql_native_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE                              | mysql_native_password |
| localhost | root             | $A$005$ }DQPo%':5'_#-QhPn/ZULDCRuo2Xh8w2uhS1.zZ/U.W8d7zWwlmpTB3D5 | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

可以看到root用户的密码已经更改。然后重启mysql登录试试。

--------------------------
客户端连接报错：客户端连接caching-sha2-password问题。
这是因为msyql8对密码加密的规则导致，navicat不支持。所以，需要更改加密规则：

在服务器，通过mysql客户端登入：
[root@ymu ~]# mysql -uroot -p

#修改加密规则  
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; 
或者：
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; 

#更新密码（mysql_native_password模式）    
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '{NewPassword}';
或者：
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '{NewPassword}';

实际操作过程：
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'ymu123@' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
ERROR 1396 (HY000): Operation ALTER USER failed for 'root'@'localhost'
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'*' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'ymu123@';
ERROR 1396 (HY000): Operation ALTER USER failed for 'root'@'*'
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'ymu123@';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)

设置密码不能是123456这些简单的密码，会通不过。所以设置复杂点ymu123@。

表格中有以下信息：
host: 允许用户登录的 ip ‘位置’ % 表示可以远程；
user: 当前数据库的用户名；
authentication_string: 用户密码（在mysql 5.7.9以后废弃了password字段和password()函数）；
plugin：密码加密方式；

然后重启就可以登录了。

参考： https://blog.csdn.net/xinpengfei521/article/details/80400142

8.创建软链接（非必要）

ln -s /server/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

9.添加到启动（非必要）

开启自动启动mysql：

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql.server
chkconfig --add mysql.server
chkconfig mysql.server on

------ 参考来源 ----
/bin/cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on

10.查看启动状态、启动、停止、重启

mysql.server对应上面设置自启动的：/etc/init.d/mysql.server

查看状态：

systemctl status mysql.server.service

或者：
service mysql.server status

停止：service mysql.server stop

启动：service mysql.server start

重新启动：service mysql.server reload

centos7下安装mysql8

centos7下安装mysql8

源码编译安装

安装前清理

准备工作

安装mysql

二进制安装包rpm安装（推荐）