在windows系统环境中，可以在命令行窗口中通过vagrant ssh登录vagrant虚拟机，但是操作有诸多不便，比如复制粘贴……
于是，我们想到了Xshell。下面介绍通过Xshell来登录vagrant虚拟机。

使用vagrant账号登录

Vagrant虚拟机默认登录账号为vagrant,且通过私钥登录。

在虚拟机 vagrantfile 的目录位置下进行。

1.启动虚拟机

Xshell 6 (Build 0101)
Copyright (c) 2002 NetSarang Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.

Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[d:\~]$ cd G:\xr-server\xr-server
[G:\xr-server\xr-server]$ vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Checking if box 'centos/7' is up to date...
==> default: Machine already provisioned. Run `vagrant provision` or use the `--provision`
==> default: flag to force provisioning. Provisioners marked to run always will still run.

[G:\xr-server\xr-server]$ vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Importing base box 'centos/7'...
==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
==> default: Checking if box 'centos/7' is up to date...
==> default: Setting the name of the VM: centos7_xr-server
==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
    default: Adapter 1: nat
==> default: Forwarding ports...
    default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)
==> default: Running 'pre-boot' VM customizations...
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
    default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
    default: SSH username: vagrant
    default: SSH auth method: private key
    default: 
    default: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace
    default: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.
    default: 
    default: Inserting generated public key within guest...
    default: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present...
    default: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
    default: No guest additions were detected on the base box for this VM! Guest
    default: additions are required for forwarded ports, shared folders, host only
    default: networking, and more. If SSH fails on this machine, please install
    default: the guest additions and repackage the box to continue.
    default: 
    default: This is not an error message; everything may continue to work properly,
    default: in which case you may ignore this message.
==> default: Setting hostname...
==> default: Rsyncing folder: /cygdrive/g/xr-server/xr-server/ => /vagrant

2.查看虚拟机ssh信息

[G:\xr-server\xr-server]$ vagrant ssh-config
Host default
  HostName 127.0.0.1
  User vagrant
  Port 2222
  UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null
  StrictHostKeyChecking no
  PasswordAuthentication no
  IdentityFile G:/xr-server/xr-server/.vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox/private_key
  IdentitiesOnly yes
  LogLevel FATAL

查看 hostname ，port，IdentityFile 这三个位置。知道登录主机，端口，登录私钥。

3.在Xshell下新建会话，登录

点击连接，如下图：

点击确定，如下图：

选定私钥。位置在IdentityFile G:/xr-server/xr-server/.vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox/private_key

登录成功：

Connecting to 127.0.0.1:2222...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

WARNING! The remote SSH server rejected X11 forwarding request.
Last login: Thu Nov 15 07:31:28 2018 from 10.0.2.2
[vagrant@xr-server ~]$ ll
total 0
[vagrant@xr-server ~]$ cd /
[vagrant@xr-server /]$

root账号登录

1.vagrant登陆后，切换到root账号，vagrant虚拟机的root账号密码默认为vagrant
如果root没有初始化，则可以设置root的密码： 

[vagrant@xr-server ~]$ su root
Password: 
[root@xr-server vagrant]#

2.修改 /etc/ssh/sshd_config 文件，（注意，vagrant用户下这个文件是只读的，可能什么也看不见）

  • 修改 ssd_config 里 PermitRootLogin属性 改为yes ，并把前面的# 去掉

[root@xr-server vagrant]# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

保存退出。

  • PasswordAuthentication 改为yes 并且去掉 #

保存退出。

3.保存退出，重启sshd服务
$ systemctl restart sshd
或者
systemctl restart sshd.service

_问题_：虽然xshell里都是用127.0.0.1:2222或者2200 这种登录的，但是也可以使用自己设置的ip 例如192.16.25.11:22 去登录，这里用自己设置的ip时端口则是22。
设置完成以后就和自己开的虚拟机没什么两样了。